1. Kalimat Bersarang
Kalimat majemuk dengan Main Clause + Subordinate Clause
Penjelasan Singkat
Kalimat bersarang adalah gabungan 2 klausa dengan kata penghubung. Main Clause = klausa utama yang bisa berdiri sendiri. Sub Clause = klausa tambahan yang tidak bisa berdiri sendiri, diawali kata: that, which, who, because, although, if, when, while.
Contoh Struktur:
[Main Clause] + kata penghubung + [Sub Clause]
I know that you are busy.
→ "I know" = Main Clause, "you are busy" = Sub Clause
Latihan: Identifikasi Main Clause & Sub Clause
2. Kata Ganti Orang
Subject Pronouns: I, You, We, They, He, She, It
| Pronoun | Arti | Penggunaan | Contoh |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | Saya | Orang pertama tunggal | I am happy |
| You | Kamu/Kalian | Orang kedua | You are smart |
| We | Kami/Kita | Orang pertama jamak | We study together |
| They | Mereka | Orang ketiga jamak | They play football |
| He | Dia (Laki-laki) | Orang ketiga tunggal | He is a teacher |
| She | Dia (Perempuan) | Orang ketiga tunggal | She is beautiful |
| It | Itu/Dia | Benda/hewan | It is a cat |
Latihan: Pilihan Ganda & Isian
3. Fungsi 12 Tenses
Tenses menunjukkan kapan kejadian terjadi
Present Simple
Kebiasaan, fakta umum
I eat every day
Past Simple
Selesai di masa lalu
I ate yesterday
Future Simple
Akan terjadi
I will eat tomorrow
Present Continuous
Sedang berlangsung
I am eating now
Past Continuous
Sedang terjadi di masa lalu
I was eating
Present Perfect
Sudah selesai, hasil terasa
I have eaten
Latihan: Cocokkan Fungsi Tenses
4. Bedakan Verb, Adverb, Adjective
3 jenis kata penting dalam Bahasa Inggris
1. VERB (Kata Kerja)
Ciri: Menunjukkan aksi, tindakan, atau keadaan
Contoh: run, eat, study, is, are, have, sleep
→ She runs fast
2. ADJECTIVE (Kata Sifat)
Ciri: Menjelaskan sifat/kondisi kata benda (noun)
Contoh: beautiful, tall, smart, happy, big
→ She is a beautiful girl
3. ADVERB (Kata Keterangan)
Ciri: Menjelaskan kata kerja, sifat, atau adverb lain. Banyak berakhiran -ly
Contoh: quickly, very, always, well, carefully
→ She runs quickly
Latihan: Identifikasi Jenis Kata
5. Verb 1, 2, 3
Present, Past, Past Participle - Irregular Verbs
| V1 (Present) | V2 (Past) | V3 (Past Participle) | Arti |
|---|---|---|---|
| go | went | gone | pergi |
| eat | ate | eaten | makan |
| write | wrote | written | menulis |
| see | saw | seen | melihat |
| take | took | taken | mengambil |
| give | gave | given | memberi |
| come | came | come | datang |
| know | knew | known | tahu |
| think | thought | thought | berpikir |
| buy | bought | bought | membeli |
Latihan: Ubah V1 ke V2 atau V3
6. 1 Kalimat Bertenses
Membuat kalimat lengkap Simple Present/Past/Future
Simple Present (+)
Rumus: S + V1 (+s/es untuk He/She/It) + O
• I play football every day
• She plays football every day
Simple Past (+)
Rumus: S + V2 + O
• I played football yesterday
• She went to school yesterday
Simple Future (+)
Rumus: S + will + V1 + O
• I will play football tomorrow
• She will go to Bali next week
Latihan: Buat Kalimat Bertenses
7. Kalimat Bersarang Bertenses
Gabungan 2 klausa dengan tenses yang tepat di tiap klausa
Aturan Penting
Tiap klausa punya verb sendiri dengan tenses masing-masing. Perhatikan kesesuaian waktu. Contoh: Present + Past, Past + Future, dll.
Contoh 1: Present + Present
I believe that she works hard.
Aku percaya bahwa dia bekerja keras.
→ believe (V1), works (V1 + s untuk She)
Contoh 2: Past + Past
He said that they went home.
Dia berkata bahwa mereka pulang.
→ said (V2), went (V2)
Contoh 3: Present + Future
I hope that you will succeed.
Aku harap kamu akan sukses.
→ hope (V1), will succeed (Future)
Latihan Final: Kalimat Kompleks
Selamat!
Kamu telah menyelesaikan 7 langkah dasar Bahasa Inggris. Terus berlatih untuk menjadi lebih mahir! 💪